However, this should only be done if you have augmented your data set, i. If you have changed, or even deleted, old variables, as a beginner you should use a different name for your data set even if you have changed or deleted these variables precisely because you wanted to get rid of them. But perhaps you have committed a mistake and wish to redo your modifications in a different way; this will be impossible if the original variables have not been kept somewhere.
If you want to get rid of most of your variables, it is useful to indicate which variables you want to KEEP; if you want to keep most of the variables, you will prefer to indicate which variables to DROP. Renaming variables can be useful for various purposes. Here's an example:. After clicking the Paste button, the new syntax will automatically be added to your open Syntax Editor window. You can do this from any open window including the Data View or Output View.
This is convenient if you wish to review what commands you ran or if you want to edit or save the syntax commands for future use. You can also change the location where this file is stored. Find the folder in which the Journal File is stored. Select this file and click Open.
Now you can see the commands you ran during the most recent SPSS session. You can also save this file for future use. Here is an example of how to run the same command using both drop-down menus and syntax. Although we could choose any command, we will run a simple descriptives command on the variable height in our sample data set. From the left menu, select the variable s you wish to run the descriptives command on, and use the arrow button to move them to the Variable s box.
In this example, we select the variable Height. Click OK. Notice that there is also syntax printed above the descriptive statistics in the output. The syntax provides a text-based map of the command we just ran using drop-down menus. If we had executed this syntax in a Syntax Editor window instead, we would get the exact same results as we did using the drop-down menu.
Reopen the Descriptives procedure. All of your previous settings should still be active. Instead of clicking OK, click Paste. This should open a new Syntax Editor file with the descriptives syntax in it.
Notice that that the text in the syntax editor appears in certain colors, and some words become bold. These stylistic formats simply define different parts of the syntax command. When you are finished typing the syntax, you need to tell SPSS to run the command by clicking the green arrow at the top of the window. We have produced the very same output using both drop-down menus and syntax.
Note: You can copy the syntax from an output window and paste it into a new Syntax Editor window to re-use, modify, and save the syntax. To copy syntax from the output in the Output Viewer window , simply click the syntax, copy it, and paste it into a Syntax Editor window. For example, perhaps I decide that I want to look at some different variables, English and Writing, and I would like to get the range statistic instead of the minimum and maximum.
Once the data in your Excel file is formatted properly it can be imported into SPSS by following these steps:. If you do not specify the type of file that you wish to open, your file will not appear in the list of available files.
Locate and click on your file. The file name will appear in the File name field. Click Open. The meaning of Read variable names from the first row of data checkbox, the Worksheet dropdown, and the Range box are the same as above. The Maximum width for string columns option determines how wide a string variable should be; it is suggested to keep the default value unless you have a reason for altering it.
Now the data will appear in SPSS. Here is an example of how sample data appear in SPSS once the data have been imported:. Alternatively, you can import Excel files into SPSS using syntax, instead of using the dropdown menus.
The general syntax is:. Even if your workbook only has a single sheet, you must still tell SPSS which sheet you want to read in. If you want to refer to a sheet by its position instead of its name -- e.
It's only possible to import one sheet at a time, even if there are multiple sheets in your workbook. If you want to import more than one sheet, you will need to read in each sheet individually.
These types of data files are simple to create and are not tied to a proprietary software, so they are a popular choice for data files. While many computers will automatically open these file types in a spreadsheet software like Microsoft Excel, they can be opened and edited using any text editor program.
There are several different patterns used to delineate the start and end of a particular variable, and SPSS must know what pattern to follow in order to read the data correctly. Delimited data: Each observation is delimited , or separated, by a particular character. Common characters used for delimiters include commas, tabs, and whitespace. Fixed-width data: Rather than using delimiters between observations, the values of the variables are aligned vertically, so that a given variable always begins in a certain column position.
In the below example, ID always begins in column 1; Age always begins in column 10; and Gender always begins in column This file type can contain fixed-width or delimited data. Traditionally, the first row of a CSV file contains the variable names separated by a comma , and the first row of data begins on the second line. Missing values are denoted using adjacent delimiters.
Locate your file and click on it to select it, then click OK. This will start the Text Import Wizard process, which will walk you through the process of specifying how SPSS should read and interpret the data file. This window provides a preview of the data in your text file.
The first step is to indicate whether the data matches a predefined format, which would be a format saved from a previous text file imported with the Text Import Wizard. This would be the case if you had already imported a text data file into SPSS in the past that was formatted exactly the same way, and had chosen to save the import format during the last step of the Text Import Wizard.
In most cases there will not be a predefined format. If your data matches a predefined format, click Yes and then browse for and upload the file that defines the format. If your data do not match a predefined format, click No , then click Next. If your data did not match a predefined format you will need to tell SPSS how your data is arranged, so that it understands where one column ends and the next begins.
For text files, there are two types of "arrangements": delimited and fixed width. If you are importing a CSV file, you have delimited data. You will also need to tell SPSS if the datafile contains variable names. For CSV files, variable names are typically included on the first line of the data file, before the data begins; however, some datafiles do not include variable names.
In the "How are your variables arranged" area, click the radio button that matches your data's format:. In the "Are variable names included at the top of your file" area, click Yes or No. We now need to tell SPSS what row our data begins on, and how many rows should be read.
0コメント